Inhaltsverzeichnis
Hardware-Überwachung
Standard-Hardware
SMART-Monitor-Tools
Mit smartmontools kann man seine Festplatten überwachen. In zeitgemäßen Festplatten sind eine Menge Sensoren enthalten, die mit smartmontools ausgelesen werden können.
Um dieses Werkzeug nutzen zu können, muss S.M.A.R.T. im BIOS aktiviert werden.
in FreeBSD installieren:
# portupgrade -NROD sysutils/smartmontools
in Ubuntu installieren:
# aptitude install smartmontools
So aktiviert man das SMART-Monitoring:
# smartctl -s on /dev/ad6
So lässt man sich alle Fehler einer Festplatte anzeigen:
# smartctl -l error /dev/ad6
So lässt man sich alle Infos einer Festplatte anzeigen:
# smartctl -a /dev/ad6
smartctl 5.39.1 2010-01-28 r3054 [FreeBSD 8.0-RELEASE-p2 amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Barracuda 7200.11 family
Device Model: ST31500341AS
Serial Number: 9VS2YSXD
Firmware Version: CC1H
User Capacity: 1,500,301,910,016 bytes
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: 8
ATA Standard is: ATA-8-ACS revision 4
Local Time is: Thu Jun 10 20:35:50 2010 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
See vendor-specific Attribute list for marginal Attributes.
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 609) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 255) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x103f) SCT Status supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 115 099 006 Pre-fail Always - 85735962
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 100 100 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 66
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 4
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 071 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 12888995
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 097 097 000 Old_age Always - 2897
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 66
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 071 071 000 Old_age Always - 29
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 047 042 045 Old_age Always In_the_past 53 (0 207 58 18)
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 053 058 000 Old_age Always - 53 (0 16 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 052 033 000 Old_age Always - 85735962
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
240 Head_Flying_Hours 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 49014166784849
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 3090393005
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 112702149
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
An dem erhöhten Wert in der Spalte 190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel kann man sehen, das der Platte zumindest mal zu warm war.
In der Konfigurationsdatei /usr/local/etc/smartd.conf muss mindestens der Eintrag DEVICESCAN stehen, dann wird der smartd beim Aufruf das System nach Festplatten durchscannen. Man kann allerdings auch alle seine Festplatten (oder zumindest die, die überwacht werden sollen) in der Konfigurationsdatei eintragen.
Der smartd-Dienst sollte beim hoch fahren des Rechners automatisch starten. Dazu trägt man unter FreeBSD die entsprechende Variable in der /etc/rc.conf ein:
# vi /etc/rc.conf smartd_enable="YES"
Da wir den Rechner jetzt nicht neu starten wollen, starten wir den Dienst mal fix auf der Kommandozeile:
# /usr/local/etc/rc.d/smartd start
mpt-status installieren - mpt (and other) HW RAID controllers
# aptitude update && aptitude -y safe-upgrade # aptitude -y install mpt-status # modprobe mptctl # aptitude -y remove mpt-status # aptitude -y install mpt-status # echo mptctl >> /etc/modules
DELL powerEdge R300
Um auf einem DELL powerEdge R300 den Festplattenstatus der Platten im RAID abfragen zu können, braucht man das Paket mpt-status und die LSIUtils oder MegaCli.
Im folgenden wird die Installation beschrieben.
LSIUtils
RAID-Controler-PCI-Meldungen
# lspci -vv
05:00.0 SCSI storage controller: LSI Logic / Symbios Logic SAS1068E PCI-Express Fusion-MPT SAS (rev 08)
Subsystem: Dell Device 1f0e
saugen
# vi /etc/wgetrc https_proxy = http://192.168.0.10:3128/ http_proxy = http://192.168.0.10:3128/ ftp_proxy = http://192.168.0.10:3128/
# cd /tmp # wget ftp://ftp.lsil.com/HostAdapterDrivers/linux/lsiutil/lsiutil.tar.gz
oder
# wget http://repo.tvujweb.cz/dell/mpt/lsiutil.tar.gz
bauen
# aptitude -y install gcc # tar xvzf lsiutil.tar.gz # cd lsiutil # rm lsiutil # make # cp -p lsiutil /usr/bin/
sauber machen
# cd # rm -fr /tmp/lsiutil /tmp/lsiutil.tar.gz # aptitude -y remove gcc_
MegaCLI installieren
- RAID-Controler-PCI-Meldungen
# lspci | fgrep -i raid 03:00.0 RAID bus controller: LSI Logic / Symbios Logic MegaRAID SAS 1078 (rev 04)
auspacken
# aptitude install unzip
# mkdir MegaCli # cd MegaCli # unzip ../8.00.40_Linux_MegaCLI.zip # unzip MegaCliLin.zip Archive: MegaCliLin.zip inflating: MegaCli-8.00.40-1.i386.rpm inflating: Lib_Utils-1.00-08.noarch.rpm replace readme.txt? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: A
# aptitude install alien
# alien -t --scripts Lib_Utils-1.00-08.noarch.rpm error: incorrect format: unknown tag Lib_Utils-1.00.tgz generated
# alien -t --scripts MegaCli-8.00.40-1.i386.rpm error: incorrect format: unknown tag MegaCli-8.00.40.tgz generated
# tar xzf Lib_Utils-1.00.tgz # mv opt/lsi /opt/ # install/doinst.sh # rm -fr opt install
# tar xzf MegaCli-8.00.40.tgz # mkdir -p /opt # mv opt/MegaRAID/ /opt/ # install/doinst.sh # rm -fr opt install /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/install.log # ln -s /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli
Test
mpt-status
in Sync
Ein Test mit einem Symbios Logic MegaRAID SAS oder Symbios Logic LSI MegaSAS sieht so aus:
# mpt-status ioctl: No such device
Das liegt daran, das hier die „MegaRAID-Treiber“ zum Einsatz kommen. ⇒ MegaCli (/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64)
Wenn die „MPT-Fusion-Treiber“ zum Einsatz kommen, dann sieht das so aus:
# mpt-status ioc0 vol_id 0 type IM, 2 phy, 465 GB, state OPTIMAL, flags ENABLED ioc0 phy 1 scsi_id 9 ATA WDC WD5002ABYS-1 3B04, 465 GB, state ONLINE, flags NONE ioc0 phy 0 scsi_id 1 ATA WDC WD5002ABYS-1 3B04, 465 GB, state ONLINE, flags NONE
# mpt-status -i 0 ioc0 vol_id 0 type IM, 2 phy, 465 GB, state OPTIMAL, flags ENABLED ioc0 phy 1 scsi_id 9 ATA WDC WD5002ABYS-1 3B04, 465 GB, state ONLINE, flags NONE ioc0 phy 0 scsi_id 1 ATA WDC WD5002ABYS-1 3B04, 465 GB, state ONLINE, flags NONE
out of sync
Wenn eine Platte getauscht wurde, und sich das RAID dann wieder synchronisiert, sieht das so aus:
# mpt-status ioc0 vol_id 0 type IM, 2 phy, 465 GB, state DEGRADED, flags ENABLED RESYNC_IN_PROGRESS ioc0 phy 1 scsi_id 9 ATA WDC WD5002ABYS-1 3B04, 465 GB, state ONLINE, flags NONE ioc0 phy 0 scsi_id 1 ATA WDC WD5002ABYS-1 3B04, 465 GB, state ONLINE, flags OUT_OF_SYNC
LSIUtils
Infos
# lsiutil -i LSI Logic MPT Configuration Utility, Version 1.56, March 19, 2008 1 MPT Port found ============================================================================== /proc/mpt/ioc0 LSI Logic SAS1068E B3 MPT 105 Firmware 00192f00 IOC 0 Seg/Bus/Dev/Fun Board Name Board Assembly Board Tracer 0 5 0 0 SAS6IR Current Port State ------------------ SAS1068E's links are 3.0 G, 3.0 G, down, down, down, down, down, down Software Version Information ---------------------------- Current active firmware version is 00192f00 (0.25.47) Firmware image's version is MPTFW-00.25.47.00-IE LSI Logic x86 BIOS image's version is MPTBIOS-6.22.03.00 (2008.08.06) Firmware Settings ----------------- SAS WWID: 5a4badb02e6e6800 Multi-pathing: Disabled SATA Native Command Queuing: Enabled SATA Write Caching: Enabled SATA Maximum Queue Depth: 8 Device Missing Report Delay: 0 seconds Device Missing I/O Delay: 0 seconds Phy Parameters for Phynum: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Link Enabled: Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Link Min Rate: 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Link Max Rate: 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 SSP Initiator Enabled: Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes SSP Target Enabled: No No No No No No No No Port Configuration: Auto Auto Auto Auto Auto Auto Auto Auto Target IDs per enclosure: 1 Persistent mapping: Enabled Physical mapping type: Enclosure/Slot Target ID 0 reserved for boot: No Starting slot (direct attach): 0 Target IDs (physical mapping): 8 Interrupt Coalescing: Enabled, timeout is 16 us, depth is 4 Persistent Mappings ------------------- No persistent entries found
Menü-Punkte bis zum Plattenstatus
# lsiutil LSI Logic MPT Configuration Utility, Version 1.56, March 19, 2008 1 MPT Port found Port Name Chip Vendor/Type/Rev MPT Rev Firmware Rev IOC 1. /proc/mpt/ioc0 LSI Logic SAS1068E B3 105 00192f00 0 Select a device: [1-1 or 0 to quit] 1 1. Identify firmware, BIOS, and/or FCode 2. Download firmware (update the FLASH) 4. Download/erase BIOS and/or FCode (update the FLASH) 8. Scan for devices 10. Change IOC settings (interrupt coalescing) 13. Change SAS IO Unit settings 16. Display attached devices 20. Diagnostics 21. RAID actions 22. Reset bus 23. Reset target 42. Display operating system names for devices 45. Concatenate SAS firmware and NVDATA files 60. Show non-default settings 61. Restore default settings 69. Show board manufacturing information 97. Reset SAS link, HARD RESET 98. Reset SAS link 99. Reset port e Enable expert mode in menus p Enable paged mode w Enable logging Main menu, select an option: [1-99 or e/p/w or 0 to quit] 21 1. Show volumes 2. Show physical disks 3. Get volume state 4. Wait for volume resync to complete 23. Replace physical disk 26. Disable drive firmware update mode 27. Enable drive firmware update mode 30. Create volume 31. Delete volume 32. Change volume settings 33. Change volume name 50. Create hot spare 99. Reset port e Enable expert mode in menus p Enable paged mode w Enable logging RAID actions menu, select an option: [1-99 or e/p/w or 0 to quit] 3 Volume 0 State: degraded, enabled, resync in progress Resync Progress: total blocks 975699968, blocks remaining 868269624, 88% RAID actions menu, select an option: [1-99 or e/p/w or 0 to quit] 0 Main menu, select an option: [1-99 or e/p/w or 0 to quit] 0 Port Name Chip Vendor/Type/Rev MPT Rev Firmware Rev IOC 1. /proc/mpt/ioc0 LSI Logic SAS1068E B3 105 00192f00 0 Select a device: [1-1 or 0 to quit] 0MegaCli
Hilfe:
# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli -h
erste Infos:
# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli -LDInfo -LALL -aALL Adapter 0 -- Virtual Drive Information: Virtual Drive: 0 (Target Id: 0) Name :System RAID Level : Primary-1, Secondary-0, RAID Level Qualifier-0 Size : 544.5 GB State : Optimal Strip Size : 64 KB Number Of Drives per span:2 Span Depth : 4 Default Cache Policy: WriteBack, ReadAdaptive, Direct, No Write Cache if Bad BBU Current Cache Policy: WriteBack, ReadAdaptive, Direct, No Write Cache if Bad BBU Access Policy : Read/Write Disk Cache Policy : Disk's Default Encryption Type : None Bad Blocks Exist: No Exit Code: 0x00Adapter zählen:
# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli -adpCount Controller Count: 1. Exit Code: 0x01von allen Adaptern nur die Fehler anzeigen:
# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli -PhyErrorCounters -aALL Adapter #0 ================ Phy No: 0 Invalid DWord Count : 0 Running Disparity Error Count : 0 Loss of DWord Synch Count : 0 Phy Reset problem Count : 0 Phy No: 1 Invalid DWord Count : 0 Running Disparity Error Count : 0 Loss of DWord Synch Count : 0 Phy Reset problem Count : 0 Phy No: 2 Invalid DWord Count : 0 Running Disparity Error Count : 0 Loss of DWord Synch Count : 0 Phy Reset problem Count : 0 Phy No: 3 Invalid DWord Count : 0 Running Disparity Error Count : 0 Loss of DWord Synch Count : 0 Phy Reset problem Count : 0 Phy No: 4 Invalid DWord Count : 0 Running Disparity Error Count : 0 Loss of DWord Synch Count : 0 Phy Reset problem Count : 0 Phy No: 5 Invalid DWord Count : 0 Running Disparity Error Count : 0 Loss of DWord Synch Count : 0 Phy Reset problem Count : 0 Phy No: 6 Invalid DWord Count : 0 Running Disparity Error Count : 0 Loss of DWord Synch Count : 0 Phy Reset problem Count : 0 Phy No: 7 Invalid DWord Count : 0 Running Disparity Error Count : 0 Loss of DWord Synch Count : 0 Phy Reset problem Count : 0 Exit Code: 0x00
Statusinformationen vom Adapter „0“ (erster Adapter):
# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli -AdpAllInfo -a 0 Adapter #0 ============================================================================== Versions ================ Product Name : PERC 6/i Integrated Serial No : 1122334455667788 FW Package Build: 6.2.0-0013 Mfg. Data ================ Mfg. Date : 06/24/08 Rework Date : 06/24/08 Revision No : Battery FRU : N/A Image Versions in Flash: ================ FW Version : 1.22.02-0612 BIOS Version : 2.04.00 WebBIOS Version : 1.1-46-e_15-Rel Ctrl-R Version : 1.02-015B Preboot CLI Version: 01.00-023:#%00006 Boot Block Version : 1.00.00.01-0011 Pending Images in Flash ================ None PCI Info ================ Vendor Id : 1000 Device Id : 0060 SubVendorId : 1028 SubDeviceId : 1f0c Host Interface : PCIE Number of Frontend Port: 0 Device Interface : PCIE Number of Backend Port: 8 Port : Address 0 500000e111efe142 1 500000e11202e8b2 2 5000cca009548f09 3 5000cca0096db7fd 4 5000cca00967ad8d 5 0000000000000000 6 0000000000000000 7 0000000000000000 HW Configuration ================ SAS Address : 50026b904a7cee00 BBU : Present Alarm : Absent NVRAM : Present Serial Debugger : Present Memory : Present Flash : Present Memory Size : 256MB TPM : Absent On board Expander: Absent Upgrade Key : Absent Temperature sensor for ROC : Absent Temperature sensor for controller : Absent Settings ================ Current Time : 13:56:29 5/24, 2011 Predictive Fail Poll Interval : 300sec Interrupt Throttle Active Count : 16 Interrupt Throttle Completion : 50us Rebuild Rate : 30% PR Rate : 30% BGI Rate : 30% Check Consistency Rate : 30% Reconstruction Rate : 30% Cache Flush Interval : 4s Max Drives to Spinup at One Time : 2 Delay Among Spinup Groups : 12s Physical Drive Coercion Mode : 128MB Cluster Mode : Disabled Alarm : Disabled Auto Rebuild : Enabled Battery Warning : Enabled Ecc Bucket Size : 15 Ecc Bucket Leak Rate : 1440 Minutes Restore HotSpare on Insertion : Disabled Expose Enclosure Devices : Disabled Maintain PD Fail History : Disabled Host Request Reordering : Enabled Auto Detect BackPlane Enabled : SGPIO/i2c SEP Load Balance Mode : Auto Use FDE Only : No Security Key Assigned : No Security Key Failed : No Security Key Not Backedup : No Default LD PowerSave Policy : Controller Defined Maximum number of direct attached drives to spin up in 1 min : 0 Any Offline VD Cache Preserved : No Allow Boot with Preserved Cache : No Disable Online Controller Reset : No PFK in NVRAM : No Use disk activity for locate : No Capabilities ================ RAID Level Supported : RAID0, RAID1, RAID5, RAID6, RAID00, RAID10, RAID50, RAID60, PRL 11, PRL 11 with spanning, SRL 3 supported, PRL11-RLQ0 DDF layout with no span, PRL11-RLQ0 DDF layout with span Supported Drives : SAS, SATA Allowed Mixing: Mix in Enclosure Allowed Status ================ ECC Bucket Count : 0 Limitations ================ Max Arms Per VD : 32 Max Spans Per VD : 8 Max Arrays : 128 Max Number of VDs : 64 Max Parallel Commands : 1008 Max SGE Count : 80 Max Data Transfer Size : 8192 sectors Max Strips PerIO : 42 Min Strip Size : 8 KB Max Strip Size : 1.0 MB Max Configurable CacheCade Size: 0 GB Current Size of CacheCade : 0 GB Current Size of FW Cache : 0 MB Device Present ================ Virtual Drives : 2 Degraded : 0 Offline : 0 Physical Devices : 6 Disks : 5 Critical Disks : 0 Failed Disks : 0 Supported Adapter Operations ================ Rebuild Rate : Yes CC Rate : Yes BGI Rate : Yes Reconstruct Rate : Yes Patrol Read Rate : Yes Alarm Control : Yes Cluster Support : No BBU : Yes Spanning : Yes Dedicated Hot Spare : Yes Revertible Hot Spares : Yes Foreign Config Import : Yes Self Diagnostic : Yes Allow Mixed Redundancy on Array : No Global Hot Spares : Yes Deny SCSI Passthrough : No Deny SMP Passthrough : No Deny STP Passthrough : No Support Security : No Snapshot Enabled : No Support the OCE without adding drives : No Support PFK : No Supported VD Operations ================ Read Policy : Yes Write Policy : Yes IO Policy : Yes Access Policy : Yes Disk Cache Policy : Yes Reconstruction : Yes Deny Locate : No Deny CC : No Allow Ctrl Encryption: No Enable LDBBM : No Support Breakmirror : No Power Savings : No Supported PD Operations ================ Force Online : Yes Force Offline : Yes Force Rebuild : Yes Deny Force Failed : No Deny Force Good/Bad : No Deny Missing Replace : No Deny Clear : No Deny Locate : No Support Temperature : No Disable Copyback : No Enable JBOD : No Enable Copyback on SMART : No Enable Copyback to SSD on SMART Error : No Enable SSD Patrol Read : No PR Correct Unconfigured Areas : Yes Error Counters ================ Memory Correctable Errors : 0 Memory Uncorrectable Errors : 0 Cluster Information ================ Cluster Permitted : No Cluster Active : No Default Settings ================ Phy Polarity : 0 Phy PolaritySplit : 0 Background Rate : 30 Strip Size : 64kB Flush Time : 4 seconds Write Policy : WB Read Policy : None Cache When BBU Bad : Disabled Cached IO : No SMART Mode : Mode 6 Alarm Disable : No Coercion Mode : 128MB ZCR Config : Unknown Dirty LED Shows Drive Activity : No BIOS Continue on Error : No Spin Down Mode : None Allowed Device Type : SAS/SATA Mix Allow Mix in Enclosure : Yes Allow HDD SAS/SATA Mix in VD : No Allow SSD SAS/SATA Mix in VD : No Allow HDD/SSD Mix in VD : No Allow SATA in Cluster : No Max Chained Enclosures : 1 Disable Ctrl-R : No Enable Web BIOS : No Direct PD Mapping : Yes BIOS Enumerate VDs : Yes Restore Hot Spare on Insertion : No Expose Enclosure Devices : No Maintain PD Fail History : No Disable Puncturing : No Zero Based Enclosure Enumeration : Yes PreBoot CLI Enabled : No LED Show Drive Activity : No Cluster Disable : Yes SAS Disable : No Auto Detect BackPlane Enable : SGPIO/i2c SEP Use FDE Only : No Enable Led Header : No Delay during POST : 0 EnableCrashDump : No Disable Online Controller Reset : No EnableLDBBM : No Un-Certified Hard Disk Drives : Block Treat Single span R1E as R10 : No Max LD per array : 16 Power Saving option : All power saving options are enabled Default spin down time in minutes: 0 Enable JBOD : No Time taken to detect CME : 60s Exit Code: 0x00Falls nicht anders bezeichnet, ist der Inhalt dieses Wikis unter der folgenden Lizenz veröffentlicht:GNU Free Documentation License 1.2
